Why do we need DNS Root Servers?
Look at the list of top level domains in Snyder on page 67. Can you find your initials? What country do you stand for? Where is the top level domain in the URL hierarchy?
So, now that you know that data is shipped all over the Internet, even between countries, you may be wondering how information gets back to you without getting lost. The truth is, it doesn't.
Information is getting lost all the time. Fortunately, many protocols have been developed to limit the damage caused by dropped packets. There are protocols for times when data is more important than speed (TCP) and protocols for when speed is more important than data (UDP).
The average webpage request is processed over TCP. This means that a message is broken up into tiny pieces and shipped off in different directions. Often, most of the pieces take different routes to their destinations, so we have to label them very well to make sure they all get to their final destination. If the sender doesn't receive confirmation that a given packet has made the journey, it will send a replacement.
Additional Links for this Session
* Grace Hopper Describes a Nanosecond
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